Impact of nutritional deficiencies following bariatric surgery on maternal and neonatal outcomes

Bariatric surgery (BS) is a viable option for the management of severe obesity, as it promotes substantial weight loss and improves general metabolic health. In women of reproductive age, the consequent weight reduction has been shown to lower the risk of gestational diabetes, macrosomia, and neonatal intensive care unit admission. However, due to altered gastrointestinal anatomy, malabsorption, and decreased food intake, this procedure can result in the development of micro- and macronutrient deficiencies. Iron, protein, vitamin D, and calcium are among some of the common nutritional deficiencies that can have detrimental effects on maternal health and foetal development. It is therefore crucial to provide preconception counselling, multidisciplinary care, nutritional monitoring and supplementation, individualised care, and annual lab testing. Healthcare professionals, including obstetricians, bariatric surgeons, and nutritionists, must work closely together to provide the utmost care to this unique cohort.