Why does the goalkeeper eschew medication? The challenge of new treatments for tourette syndrome.

Four years ago, the then U.S. Tourette Syndrome Association (now the Tourette Association of America) described Tim Howard, the former goalkeeper of the English Premier League football teams Manchester United and Everton and of the U.S. national soccer team, as “the most notable person in the world with the condition” and conferred on him their Champion of Hope Award. Yet Howard does not take or advocate medication. Why? In his autobiography The Keeper1 and associated media interviews, he refers to such treatment as “a concoction of drugs for other ailments” and opinion that they “make you drowsy, make you zombie‐like.”